Afternoon Tea origen, tradición, cómo llegó a América y su Importancia en la Hospitalidad
El té, ya sea para relajación, como estimulante, para combatir algún padecimiento o simplemente por el gusto de reunir amistades, siempre ha estado presente en muchas de las etapas del desarrollo del hombre, a lo largo de la historia, y en diversas sociedades. Desde China e Inglaterra, hasta la desconocida América, en cada civilización ha tenido un papel importante.
Pero, ¿qué es el té?, estrictamente, al referirnos a esta bebida, estamos hablando de hojas de una planta de la familia Camellia inficionadas en agua en un perfecto punto de ebullición, del cual existen cinco tipos, Blanco, Verde, Oolong, Negro y Pu’erh, pero no podríamos hablar de esta exquisita bebida sin antes conocer su historia. Remontémonos 4,700 años atrás, cuenta la leyenda que el Emperador Chino Shen Nung, un hombre sabio y erudito, ordenaba hervir el agua que se usaba en el templo durante su imperio por cuestiones de higiene; una tarde, mientras que se encontraba recostado en uno de sus majestuosos jardines, algunas hojas de uno de los árboles (árbol de té, Camellia sinensis) cayó en el agua que hervían sus criados. El Emperador se pudo percatar de un aroma peculiar y encantador que empezó a despedir aquel líquido en ebullición, no pudo resistirse y desde aquel momento quedó extasiado con la preparación.
En el siglo XVI, de boca de los misioneros cristianos y por los navegantes portugueses y holandeses, se dio a conocer este producto considerado de lujo y apreciado por sus propiedades. En el año 1662, al contraer matrimonio con el Rey Británico Carlos II, la princesa portuguesa, Catalina de Braganza, incluyó un cofre de té en su dote, y fue así como el té se convirtió en un símbolo de sofisticación entre la aristocracia británica.
En el resto de Europa, el comercio del té se extendió rápidamente desde Holanda hacia Italia, Francia y Alemania. En cuanto a Rusia, tuvo una llegada diferente, ya que éste fue exportado directamente de China a través de la Ruta de la Seda, junto con porcelana.
En 1650, el té fue llevado por los holandeses a Nueva Ámsterdam (Isla de Manhattan), con el fin de introducir a los habitantes en el consumo de esta bebida; solían consumir té verde enriquecido con muchas especias exóticas. El consumo de esta preparación se volvió tan popular y apreciado, que la sociedad inició con la costumbre de las Tea Parties.
Existen infinidad de temas relacionados con esta bebida, nosotros ahora nos enfocaremos en su importancia dentro del prestigiado mundo de la Hospitalidad.
La tradición británica del High Tea tiene sus inicios a mediados del 1700s, el cual era tomado entre tres y cuatro de la tarde. Inicialmente, su objetivo era servir alimentos a trabajadores para que los consumieran de pie o en sillas altas (high chairs). Durante este tipo de servicio, se preparaban pastelillos, scones e incluso pan tostado con queso. Poco a poco esta tradición se fue transformando y se empezó a considerar un evento social importante, el cual dejó de ser para gente dedicada al trabajo e inició a ser apreciado por la alta sociedad.
El principal propósito entre la clase alta era el de proporcionar una comida sustancial antes de alguna obra de teatro o de algún juego de cartas.
El concepto de Afternoon Tea fue introducido a Inglaterra por Anna María Russell, la séptima duquesa de Bedford, en el año 1840. Diario, la Duquesa sentía apetito alrededor de las cuatro de la tarde, pero como era costumbre, en su Castillo, la cena se servía después de las ocho, lo cual dejaba un lapso de tiempo muy grande entre el almuerzo y la cena. Con la visita del Duque V de Rutland en el Castillo de Belvoir, Anna María pidió a sus sirvientes que prepararan una charola con té, pan, mantequilla y algunos pastelillos durante la visita. Tiempo después se convirtió en una costumbre para ella e inició a invitar amistades para que la acompañaran a degustar estos alimentos.
Actualmente, el Afternoon Tea es una experiencia exquisita, un servicio altamente valorado por los comensales e invitados.
Algunos de los mejores hoteles que ofrecen esta excelente experiencia en Londres son: Claridges, Hotel Ritz London, The Savoy, Sketch, así como Harrods, Fortnum & Mason, entre otros…
En Mexico, en el mes de noviembre, ofreceremos un Master Class de Etiqueta y Protocolo en dónde abordaremos esta Tradición Británica y, además, disfrutaremos de una exquisita degustación de un verdadero British Afternoon Tea.
Para mayores informes, consulta la siguiente liga:
http://hospitalityandbutler.com/portfolio-items/november-2017-mexico-2-day-etiquette-master-class/
FUENTES DE CONSULTA
WEB
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http://www.losandes.com.ar/article/el-origen-del-te-china-india-o-inglaterra
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http://www.afternoontea.co.uk
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http://www.thecarrington.com.au/dining-bars/the-grand-dining-room/grand-high-tea/history-of-high-tea/.
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http://www.historic-uk.com/CultureUK/Afternoon-Tea/
Libros
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Ellis H., 2009, Té: Descubre, saborea, disfruta. Barcelona, España. Editorial Ceac.
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Fuentes Garcia M., 2012, Té, Elixir de Vida. Granada, España. MFG-Granada Tea
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